Proficiency in this area deals with the use of numbers, place value, numeration, preparation for addition and subtraction, measurement, estimation, and reasoning. Students use manipulatives to develop number sense. They solve simple story problems, identify geometric shapes, and begin to learn how to tell time and learn the components of the calendar.
An introduction to science, with an emphasis on observation of familiar, every day things. Students identify common plants and animals; sense organs and their functions; simple topographical features (e.g. mountains, valleys, oceans and rivers): the solar system; weather; insects; light and shadow. Instruction should encourage hands on discovery and exploration of objects and phenomena.